Working memory and backward digit span serial#
The attenuation of a recency effect using serial order parameters obtained from the BDT may provide a useful operational definition as well as additional diagnostic information regarding working memory deficits in MCI.īoston process approach digit span executive functions mild cognitive impairment serial order working memory. The task consists of two items, forwards and backwards, and each item is composed of two trials of eight questions each. It assesses children’s ability to hold information in short-term memory and manipulate that information to produce some result. Mixed/dys MCI patients also produced more transposition errors than both groups (p < 0.010) and more omissions (p < 0.020), and perseverations errors (p < 0.018) than non-MCI patients. SOBC Validation Process The Digit Span Task (Backwards-Only Child Version) measures working memory. Mixed/dys MCI patients scored lower than non-MCI patients for serial position 3 (p < 0.003) serial position 4 (p < 0.002) and lower than both group for serial position 5 (recency p < 0.002).
Follow-up analyses found attenuation of the recency effect for mixed/dys MCI patients. Serial order position accuracy, transposition errors, perseverations, and omission errors were tallied.Ī 3 (group)×5 (serial position) repeated measures ANOVA yielded a significant group×trial interaction. Serial order/WM ability was assessed by asking participants to repeat 7 trials of five digits backwards. Memory clinic patients (n = 66) were classified into three groups: single domain amnestic MCI (aMCI), combined mixed domain/dysexecutive MCI (mixed/dys MCI), and non-MCI where patients did not meet criteria for MCI. The current research tallied primacy/recency effects, out-of-sequence transposition errors, perseverations, and omissions to assess WM deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In prior dementia research using the Backward Digit Span Test (BDT), only aggregate test performance was examined. Working memory (WM) is often assessed with serial order tests such as repeating digits backward. 10 Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.9 University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA.8 Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.7 Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.6 VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.5 Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Working memory and backward digit span manual#
2 Department of Behavioral Sciences and the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. The Test of Memory and Learning (TOMAL Reynolds & Bigler, 1994b) contains multiple measures of memory along with a variety of stimuli for forward and backward memory span including digits, letters, and manual gestures.1 Departments of Geriatrics, Gerontology and Psychology, New Jersey Institute for Successful Aging, Rowan University-School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA.
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